Differences Between Fibers and Sclereids

INTRODUCTION Sclerenchyma is a type of simple permanent tissue. It forms the main strengthening tissue of the plant. It consists of long, narrow, thick-walled and lignified dead cells. They are fibre like in appearance due to their pointed structure at both ends. For this, the tissue is called sclerenchymatous fibres or simple fibres. They also … Read more

Differences Between Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma

INTRODUCTION Plant tissues are categorized into three types. They are meristematic tissues, permanent tissues and secretary tissues. These tissues are further grouped into various types. Among them, permanent tissues are divided as simple permanent tissues and complex permanent tissues. Simple permanent tissues are formed of group of cells which are all alike in origin, form … Read more

Secretory tissue of plants (special tissues)

The tissues that are concerned with the secretion of gums, resins, volatile oils, nectars, latex and other substances are called secretory tissues. These are of great economic importance. These tissues are divided into two groups. They are: A) Laticiferous tissue  B) Glandular tissues A) Laticiferous tissue These consist of thin walled, greatly elongated and much … Read more

Lichens: habitat, types and structure

Lichen is an intimate association of algae and fungi where two organisms live in close association with each other. The association is so close that they appear to be a single organism. The algal partner is called phycobiont, whereas the fungal partner is called mycobiont. The fungal component forms the bulk of the lichen thallus. … Read more

Simple permanent tissue (plants)

Introduction A permanent tissue is a group of cells that have lost the power of cell division and growth. These cells have attained their definite form and size. These cells may be dead or living, thin walled or thick walled. They are formed by the differentiation of the meristematic cells. The permanent tissue can be … Read more

Sexual reproduction in yeast

Yeast is a unicellular fungus which varies in shape with the species and even within the species. They may be oval, spherical and elliptical in shape. They are microscopic and appear as a pinhead under the high power of microscope. They mostly grow on media rich in sugar such as juice of grapes, sugarcane, toddy, … Read more

Phloem (Bast) and its elements

It is a living, non-lignified tissue which is also called bast. Its main function is to transport organic food inside the plant body from the leaves to the storage organs and from the storage organs to various parts according to the need of the organ. Thus, the translocation of food by the phloem is in … Read more

Plant movements and types

Simple unicellular motile green alga, Chlamydomonas and its flagellated zoospores move from place to place but the movement of firmly rooted higher plants is of a different nature. The movement is not of the entire plant but only a curvature of some of the organs or twining of a part, sleep movements of the leaves … Read more