Lenz’s Law, Fleming’s Right Hand Rule and Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
Lenz’s Law Lenz’s law is named after the physicist Emil Lenz who formulated it in 1834. It is a qualitative law that specifies the direction...
Gibbs’ Free Energy Function
All spontaneous processes tend to achieve a state of minimum energy and maximum entropy. For a system, generally it is not possible to achieve both,...
First Law of Thermodynamics
This law is also called the law of conservation of energy. It can be stated in many ways but the following form is found to...
Short Sightedness and Long sightedness
Far and near points The eye consists of a lens L and retina R where retina is light sensitive screen. Light from the objects enters...
Mechanical energy and It’s types
The energy possessed by a body because of its motion and position or state is called mechanical energy. For example: a moving car possesses energy;...
De Broglie theory (Duality)
The photoelectric effect showed that light consists of streams of particles called photons. This leads to the conclusion that like matter, light radiation can sometimes...
Orbital velocity and its expression
The orbital velocity of a satellite is the velocity required to be given to the satellite in order to put it in an orbit around...
Consequences of surface tension
The force that acts at right angles to an imaginary line of unit length at the surface of liquid at rest is called surface tension....
Difference between Valve and Transistor
S.N Valve S.N Transistor 1. The charge carriers of valves are electrons. 1. The carriers of the transistors are the electron and holes. 2. In...
Characteristics of Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic and Ferromagnetic substances
A) Diamagnetic Substances and its characteristics Diamagnetic substances are those substances which, in their normal states, have no magnetic moment at all. Antimony, Bismuth, Copper,...