Differences between dicot and monocot plants

S.N Characters Dicot plants Monocot plants
1. Cotyledon                          Two                     One
2. Flower        Usually penta-merous             Usually tri-merous
3. Nodes and internodes Distinct nodes and internodes are absent. Distinct nodes and internodes are present.
4. Root   Tap root.                Fibrous root.
    Secondary growth is present. Secondary growth is absent.
    Pith is absent or highly reduced. Well developed pith is present.
    Cortex is not differentiated into exodermis. Cortex is differentiated into outer exodermis or hypodermis.
5. Stem Vascular bundles are wedge shaped. Vascular bundles are oval or rounded on outline.
    Vascular bundles are arranged in rings. Vascular bundles are found scattered in the ground tissue.
    Phloem parenchyma is present Phloem parenchyma is absent.
    Medullary rays are present between the vascular bundles. Medullary rays are absent.
    Epidermis usually contains multicellular hairs. Epidermis is usually without hairs.
Stem is hard and strong. It is hollow and soft.
6. Leaf Bulliform cells are absent. Bulliform cells are present.
    Guard cells are kidney shaped. Guard cells are dumble shaped.
    Mesophyll is differentiated into palisade and spongy parenchyma. Mesophyll is not differentiated.
    Intercellular spaces are large and numerous. Intercellular spaces are narrow and few.
    Stomata are usually found only in lower epidermis. Stomata are more or less equally distributed on both upper and lower epidermis.
    Leaves are broad. Leaves are elongated.
7. Venation Reticulate Parallel.
8. Examples

 

Pea, sunflower, neem, pumpkin, orange, etc. Bamboo, grass , maize, banana, coconut, etc.

Monocots versus Dicots | BioNinja

Image source: bioninja

References:

i) http://www.differencebetween.net/science/nature/difference-between-monocots-and-dicots-3/

ii) https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss8/monocotdicot.html

Differences between dicot and monocot plants