Differences between neurotransmitters and neuromodulators
June 28, 2022
S.N | Neurotransmitters | S.N | Neuromodulators |
1. | Available in axon terminals. | 1. | Available in all parts of the body. |
2. | Are generally packed in small synaptic vesicles. | 2. | Are packed in large synaptic vesicles. |
3. | Nerve impulse propagates through synapse. | 3. | Synaptic transmission is modified and regulated. |
4. | Change the electric potential- depolarization or repolarization while functioning. | 4. | Have diverse actions or functions. |
5. | Are chemically amino acids, amine or others. | 5. | Are only peptides chemically. |
6. | Only one neurotransmitter is present in neuron. | 6. | One or more neuromodulators are present in neuron. |
7. | Binding with ionotropic receptors occurs. | 7. | Binding with metabotropic receptors occurs which result in activation of secondary molecules. |
8. | They are fast in action. | 8. | They are slow but last for longer periods.
|
9. | Reabsorption by presynaptic neurons can occur. | 9. | They cannot be absorbed by presynaptic neuron. |
10. | Release takes place in synaptic cleft. | 10. | Release takes place in any area of neuron. |
11. | Does not affect neuromodulators synthesis. | 11. | Controls the synthesis of neurotransmitters. |
12. | Its affect is between two neurons which are very close to each other. | 12. | Its affect can be noticed far from the location of its release. |
13. | Examples: acetylcholine, noradrenaline, serotonin, dopamine, etc. | 13. | Examples: bradykinin, secretin, endorphin, enkephalins, etc. |
Image source: frontiers
References:
ii) https://pediaa.com/what-is-the-difference-between-neurotransmitter-and-neuromodulator/
Differences between neurotransmitters and neuromodulators
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Shailesh Koirala
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