Virulence factors of Group-A Streptococcus

Streptococcus are gram positive, catalase negative cocci. Are spherical or ovoid, 0.5-1µ in diameter, arranged in chains, non-motile and non-sporing. They may become gram negative in ageing culture when the bacteria die. Some of the strains possess capsules made up of hyaluronic acid while some of the strains possess capsules composed of polysaccharide. Human beings … Read more

Important viruses and their properties

Important viruses and their properties

  Group Virus Characteristics Clinical importance Retroviruses Human T-cell leukaemia virus(HTLV-1)                       Human immune deficiency virus (HIV)       Spherical enveloped virus, 100nm in diameter Icosahedral cores contain two copies of linear RNA molecules and reverse transcriptase.       Differs from other retroviruses … Read more