tympanic membrane

Mechanism of hearing and balancing

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Mechanism of hearing and balancing

Introduction The mammalian ear performs two different and unrelated functions, i.e. hearing and balance. The external and middle ears are involved in hearing only whereas the inner ear functions in both hearing and balancing. Hearing The sound waves from the external source get collected by the pinna. These waves are conducted through the external auditory … Read more

Classification and characteristics of Superclass: Tetrapoda

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Tetra-four, podos-feet Primarily terrestrial, some are secondarily aquatic. Two pairs of pentadactyl limbs. Body covered by an exoskeleton of epidermal hair, feathers or scales. Lungs are main respiratory organs. Amphibian may respire by gills, skin or lungs. 3 or 4 chambered heart present. They are divided into 4 classes: Class 2: Amphibia Amphi-dual; bios-life. Dual … Read more