Pneumothorax and Its Types

The air entering the pleural cavity is the reason of pneumothorax. Negative pressure that exists between the visceral pleura (surrounding the lungs) and the parietal pleura (lining the thoracic cavity) allows the lungs to be filled by chest wall expansion normally. The pleural space contains only a few millilitres of lubricating fluid that helps to … Read more

Various endocrinal disorders

Hormone Excess Defeciency Growth hormone or somatotrophin  hormone (STH) Gigantism in children Acromegaly in adult. Dwarfism. Thyroid stimulating hormone/thyrotropin (TSH) Increases the activity of thyroid gland called hyperthyroidism. Decreases the activity of thyroid gland called hypothyroidism. Prolactin Infertility, galactorrhoea, amenorrhea and decreased libido in male. Hypoprolactinaemia. Vasopressin Increase the osmolarity of urine. Diabetes insipidus. Thyroid … Read more